The Radio Planet

The Radio Planet · the venues

The Venues

Radio did not only come from studios. It came from ballrooms, hotel roofs and concert halls, down a telephone line, after midnight.

A network engineer would run a line into a room, hang two microphones over the bandstand, and hand the country half an hour of dancing. What survives of that is filed here by address: the room, the bands that played it, and the tunes the announcer called. A broadcast appears under a venue only where the transfer itself names it — no room is guessed at from liner prose.

17

Rooms on the wire

220

Surviving broadcasts

32

Bands on the stand

No. 1 · 1931–1959

Cocoanut Grove, Ambassador Hotel

Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles

Papier-mache palms from a Valentino picture, and the microphone that carried Hollywood's supper hour.

100 surviving broadcasts · 3 bands on the stand

Freddy Martin · Frankie Carle · Harry James

  • Gus Arnheim at Cocoanut Grove 1931 #1

    1931 · 13 min

  • Gus Arnheim at Cocoanut Grove 1931 #10

    1931 · 13 min

  • Gus Arnheim at Cocoanut Grove 1931 #11

    1931 · 12 min

  • Gus Arnheim at Cocoanut Grove 1931 #12

    1931 · 13 min

  • Gus Arnheim at Cocoanut Grove 1931 #13

    1931 · 13 min

  • Gus Arnheim at Cocoanut Grove 1931 #14

    1931 · 13 min

  • Gus Arnheim at Cocoanut Grove 1931 #15

    1931 · 11 min

  • Gus Arnheim at Cocoanut Grove 1931 #16

    1931 · 12 min

  • Gus Arnheim at Cocoanut Grove 1931 #2

    1931 · 12 min

  • Gus Arnheim at Cocoanut Grove 1931 #3

    1931 · 12 min

  • Gus Arnheim at Cocoanut Grove 1931 #4

    1931 · 13 min

  • Gus Arnheim at Cocoanut Grove 1931 #5

    1931 · 12 min

  • Gus Arnheim at Cocoanut Grove 1931 #6

    1931 · 12 min

  • Gus Arnheim at Cocoanut Grove 1931 #7

    1931 · 12 min

  • Gus Arnheim at Cocoanut Grove 1931 #8

    1931 · 12 min

  • Gus Arnheim at Cocoanut Grove 1931 #9

    1931 · 12 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #1

    1932 · 14 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #10

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #11

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #12

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #13

    1932 · 12 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #14

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #15

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #16

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #17

    1932 · 12 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #18

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #19

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #2

    1932 · 12 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #20

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #21

    1932 · 12 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #22

    1932 · 14 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #23

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #24

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #25

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #26

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #27

    1932 · 12 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #28

    1932 · 12 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #29

    1932 · 12 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #3

    1932 · 12 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #30

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #31

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #4

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #5

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #6

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #7

    1932 · 13 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #8

    1932 · 12 min

  • Jimmie Grier at Cocoanut Grove 1932 #9

    1932 · 13 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #1

    1933 · 14 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #10

    1933 · 13 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #11

    1933 · 13 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #12

    1933 · 13 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #13

    1933 · 13 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #14

    1933 · 13 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #15

    1933 · 13 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #16

    1933 · 13 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #17

    1933 · 13 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #18

    1933 · 13 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #19

    1933 · 13 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #2

    1933 · 13 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #20

    1933 · 14 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #21

    1933 · 14 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #22

    1933 · 13 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #23

    1933 · 14 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #24

    1933 · 13 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #3

    1933 · 12 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #4

    1933 · 13 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #5

    1933 · 13 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #6

    1933 · 13 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #7

    1933 · 14 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #8

    1933 · 13 min

  • Phil Harris at Cocoanut Grove 1933 #9

    1933 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #1

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #10

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #11

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #12

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #13

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #14

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #15

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #16

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #17

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #18

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #19

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #2

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #20

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #21

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #3

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #4

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #5

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #6

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #7

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #8

    1934 · 14 min

  • Vincent Valsanti at Cocoanut Grove 1934 #9

    1934 · 14 min

  • Texaco Town (26) At The Coconut Grove

    14 March 1937 · 29 min

  • Cocoanut Grove

    1938 · 13 min

  • Freddy Martin

    Every Day of My Life · 12 August 1944 · 29 min

  • Frankie Carle

    Doodle-Do-Do · 2 September 1951 · 30 min

  • Remote-EddieBergman From Coconut Grove

    22 June 1951 · 28 min

  • Harry James

    Down South Camp Meeting · 6 January 1953 · 23 min

  • Cocoanut Grove

    1958 · 2 min

  • Cocoanut Grove

    1959 · 2 min

No. 2 · 1940–1947

Frank Dailey's Meadowbrook

Cedar Grove, New Jersey

A roadhouse on Pompton Turnpike that network engineers wired for nightly remotes. Glenn Miller, Bob Crosby, Charlie Barnet.

24 surviving broadcasts · 3 bands on the stand

Louis Prima · Bob Crosby · Benny Goodman

  • Remote-GeneKrupa From Meadowbrook — 31 Jan 1940

    31 January 1940 · 30 min

  • Remote-GeneKrupa From Meadowbrook — 5 Feb 1940

    5 February 1940 · 30 min

  • Louis Prima

    Robin Hood · 23 December 1944 · 29 min

  • Bob Crosby

    String of Pearls · 12 May 1946 · 29 min

  • Benny Goodman

    1946 · 14 min

  • Benny Goodman

    1946 · 14 min

  • Remote-DukeEllington From Meadowbrook

    1947 · 14 min

  • Band Remote - Meadowbrook Ballroom, Cedar Grove, New Jersey (02-11-1940)

    undated · 28 min

  • Band Remote - Meadowbrook Ballroom, Cedar Grove, New Jersey (02-24-1940)

    undated · 59 min

  • Band Remote - Meadowbrook Ballroom, Cedar Grove, New Jersey (03-02-1940)

    undated · 1h 1m

  • Band Remote - Meadowbrook Ballroom, Cedar Grove, New Jersey (03-09-1940)

    undated · 59 min

  • Benny Goodman Live From Meadowbrook Restaurant 1946-01-14

    undated · 14 min

  • Frank Daileys Meadowbrook Orch Rhythm Is Our Business

    undated · 2 min

  • Frank Daileys Meadowbrook Orch Time Will Tell

    undated · 3 min

  • Frank Daileys Meadowbrook Orch v Nancy Flake Ill Never Say Never Again

    undated · 2 min

  • Frank Daileys Meadowbrook Orch You Went Away Too Far

    undated · 3 min

  • Meadowbrook

    undated · 4 min

  • Meadowbrook Dance Orch Cuddle Uddle Up

    undated · 3 min

  • Meadowbrook Dance Orch Me And The Boy Friend

    undated · 3 min

  • Meadowbrook Dance Orch Youre Like A Baby

    undated · 3 min

  • Meadowbrook Mornings

    undated · 4 min

  • MEADOWBROOK POLKA

    undated · 2 min

  • Melody Rose — Meadowbrook Five - Stevens (1 of 2)

    undated · 3 min

  • Melody Rose — Meadowbrook Five - Stevens (2 of 2)

    undated · 3 min

No. 3 · 1943–1961

Hollywood Palladium

Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles

Opened 1940 with Tommy Dorsey and a young Frank Sinatra; the west coast's dance floor, and a permanent line feed to the networks.

22 surviving broadcasts · 12 bands on the stand

Charlie Spivak · Lenny Conn · Stan Kenton · Henry Busse · Les Brown · Bob Moore · Bob Crosby · Harry James · Woody Herman · Gene Krupa

  • Charlie Spivak

    Sunday · 1 October 1943 · 29 min

  • Lenny Conn

    Just You, Just Me · 5 June 1944 · 28 min

  • Stan Kenton

    Tico Tico · 28 November 1944 · 29 min

  • Henry Busse

    Hurry Home · 21 September 1944 · 28 min

  • Les Brown

    My Pet Brunette · 4 September 1945 · 28 min

  • Bob Moore

    I Didn't Know About You · 1945 · 15 min

  • Bob Crosby

    Perdido · 1945 · 15 min

  • Bob Crosby

    The Whistler · 12 March 1946 · 30 min

  • Bob Crosby

    Blue Skies · 23 February 1946 · 29 min

  • Harry James

    The Man I Love · 7 June 1948 · 31 min

  • Woody Herman

    Four Brothers · 5 February 1948 · 31 min

  • Woody Herman

    Good Earth · 3 February 1948 · 29 min

  • Woody Herman

    Good Earth · 14 February 1948 · 31 min

  • Woody Herman

    Sidewalks of Cuba · 8 February 1948 · 30 min

  • Gene Krupa

    Disc Jockey Jump · 15 April 1949 · 30 min

  • Jerry Gray

    Manhattan Spiritual · 30 October 1959 · 31 min

  • Harry James

    Doodling · 27 November 1959 · 31 min

  • Charlie Barnet

    Charleston Alley · 4 December 1959 · 28 min

  • Jerry Gray

    Restringing The Pearls · 20 January 1961 · 32 min

  • AFRS 520 - One Night Stand - Gene Krupa -Hollywood Palladium - 1st Song - Linger Awhile 01-04-45

    undated · 29 min

  • Band Remote - Hollywood Palladium, Los Angeles, CA (11-26-1940)

    undated · 29 min

  • Charlie Spivak

    Sunday · undated · 29 min

No. 4 · 1937–1940

Waldorf-Astoria

Park Avenue, New York

The Empire Room and the Starlight Roof: society dancing, broadcast.

14 surviving broadcasts

  • Xavier Cugat and his Waldorf-Astoria Orchestra - Auto-Conga (1937)

    1937 · 2 min

  • Xavier Cugat And His Waldorf-Astoria Orchestra - Night Must Fall (1939)

    1939 · 3 min

  • Deems Taylor, Herbert Bayard Swope of the Waldorf Astoria Hotel

    22 October 1940 · 28 min

  • Deems Taylor, Herbert Bayard Swope of the Waldorf Astoria Hotel

    undated · 28 min

  • Xavier Cugat And His Waldorf Astoria Orch Begin The Beguine

    undated · 3 min

  • Xavier Cugat And His Waldorf Astoria Orch Dusk

    undated · 3 min

  • Xavier Cugat And His Waldorf Astoria Orch Gypsy Air

    undated · 3 min

  • Xavier Cugat And His Waldorf Astoria Orch Love What Are You Doing

    undated · 3 min

  • Xavier Cugat And His Waldorf Astoria Orch Love What Are You Doing

    undated · 3 min

  • Xavier Cugat And His Waldorf Astoria Orch My Shawl

    undated · 3 min

  • Xavier Cugat And His Waldorf Astoria Orch Taboo

    undated · 3 min

  • Xavier Cugat And His Waldorf Astoria Orch Taboo

    undated · 3 min

  • Xavier Cugat And His Waldorf Astoria Orch The Cocoanut Pudding Vendor

    undated · 2 min

  • Xavier Cugat And His Waldorf Astoria Orch The Lady In Red

    undated · 3 min

No. 5 · 1940–1952

Cafe Rouge, Hotel Pennsylvania

Seventh Avenue, New York

The Miller band's room, one block from Penn Station. PEnnsylvania 6-5000 was its telephone number.

11 surviving broadcasts · 5 bands on the stand

Sonny Dunham · Glen Gray · Woody Herman · Stan Kenton · Ray Anthony

  • NBC Glenn Miller Live from the Cafe Rouge

    5 February 1940 · 31 min

  • On the Air - Glenn Miller at the Cafe Rouge 23111940

    1940 · 24 min

  • Sonny Dunham

    Begin The Beguine · 14 April 1944 · 29 min

  • Glen Gray

    The Lion & The Mouse · 21 May 1944 · 29 min

  • Woody Herman

    Straighten Up & Fly Right · 22 August 1944 · 28 min

  • Woody Herman

    Katusha · 23 July 1945 · 31 min

  • Woody Herman

    Good, Good, Good · 23 August 1945 · 29 min

  • Stan Kenton

    I Know That You Know · 27 September 1945 · 30 min

  • Ray Anthony

    Who's Sorry Now? · 11 January 1952 · 30 min

  • Ray Anthony

    Deep Night · 18 January 1952 · 30 min

  • CAFE ROUGE

    undated · 2 min

No. 6 · 1936–1943

Carnegie Hall

57th Street, New York

Serious music's address, borrowed by radio for wartime galas and by Benny Goodman for the night jazz walked in the front door.

9 surviving broadcasts

  • Dedication Of The Fifty Kilowatt Transmitter At WOR, NY, NY (broadcast from Carnegie Hall) (03-04-1935)

    1936 · 2h 40m

  • The Burns and Allen Show (22) Playing Carnegie Hall Part 1

    2 March 1943 · 27 min

  • The Burns and Allen Show (23) Playing Carnegie Hall Part 2

    9 March 1943 · 27 min

  • Conciencia (En Vivo Desde El Carnegie Hall Version)

    undated · 6 min

  • 38

    undated · 2 min

  • Perdóname (En Vivo Desde El Carnegie Hall Version)

    undated · 7 min

  • Sin Voluntad (En Vivo Desde El Carnegie Hall Version)

    undated · 5 min

  • Vivir Sin Ella (En Vivo Desde El Carnegie Hall Version)

    undated · 8 min

  • Welcome To Carnegie Hall

    undated · 1 min

No. 7 · 1930–1945

Trianon Ballroom

South Cottage Grove, Chicago

A gilded barn on the south side, sending sweet bands out over the Mutual lines.

8 surviving broadcasts · 3 bands on the stand

#FILL027 Jan Savitt · Jan Savitt · Jack Teagarden

  • MBS Kay Kyser Live from the Trianon Ballroom, Chicago

    1930 · 29 min

  • Kay Kyser Live from the Trianon Ballroom, Chicago

    1934 · 29 min

  • Remote-KayKyser TrianonBallroom Chgo MBS

    6 February 1937 · 29 min

  • Remote-TedWeems TrianonBallroom Chgo MBS

    10 February 1937 · 14 min

  • #FILL027 Jan Savitt

    On The Alamo · 23 July 1944 · 29 min

  • Jan Savitt

    On The Sunny Side of Street · 27 July 1944 · 29 min

  • Jack Teagarden

    Shine · 1945 · 15 min

  • 39 Trianon (Felolvasta: Kerekes Andrea)

    undated · 33 min

No. 8 · 1940–1950

Hotel Astor Roof

Times Square, New York

Open-air dancing above Broadway, eleven storeys up, all summer.

7 surviving broadcasts · 2 bands on the stand

Gene Krupa · Harry James

  • Band Remote - Hotel Astor Roof Garden, NYC (06-08-1940) (partial, first half only)

    1940 · 16 min

  • Band Remote - Hotel Astor Roof Garden, NYC (06-19-1941)

    1940 · 24 min

  • Gene Krupa

    1945 · 3 min

  • Gene Krupa

    1945 · 3 min

  • MBS WOR BBC V-J Day Gene Krupa from the Hotel Astor

    15 August 1945 · 14 min

  • Remote-GeneKrupa Hotel Astor

    15 August 1945 · 14 min

  • Harry James

    Sweet Jennie Lou · 10 June 1950 · 28 min

No. 9 · 1933–1946

Hotel Commodore

42nd Street, New York

A Grand Central hotel with a bandstand and a hard-wired studio line.

6 surviving broadcasts · 4 bands on the stand

194x-xx-xx Vaughn Monroe · Vaughn Monroe · Ray McKinley · Hal McIntyre

  • Freddy Martin Hotel Commodore Orch Hold Me

    1933 · 3 min

  • Freddy Martin Hotel Commodore Orch Lets Call It A Day

    1933 · 3 min

  • 194x-xx-xx Vaughn Monroe

    Who Told You That Lie? · 1945 · 28 min

  • Vaughn Monroe

    Talking To Myself About You · 6 October 1945 · 29 min

  • Ray McKinley

    The Moon Is Low · 26 April 1946 · 29 min

  • Hal McIntyre

    I Got The Sun In The Morning · 29 May 1946 · 29 min

No. 10 · 1946

Radio City Music Hall

Sixth Avenue, New York

Rockefeller Center's 6,000-seat showplace, opened 1932, built for broadcasting from the start.

4 surviving broadcasts

  • Dick Liebert at the Radio City Music Hall Organ - Clock Shop

    1946 · 2 min

  • Dick Liebert at the Radio City Music Hall Organ - Thine Alone

    1946 · 2 min

  • 22 (Full Show)

    undated · 2h 52m

  • 22 (Full Show)

    undated · 3h 42m

No. 11 · 1930–1934

Cotton Club

Harlem, New York

Duke Ellington and Cab Calloway broadcast out of it nightly; the audience it admitted was another matter.

3 surviving broadcasts

  • MBS Duke Ellington Live from the Cotton Club

    1930 · 29 min

  • Duke Ellington Live from the Cotton Club

    1934 · 29 min

  • Duke Ellington 1937-3-18 The Cotton Club NYC

    undated · 28 min

No. 12 · 1939–1945

Savoy Ballroom

Lenox Avenue, Harlem

The Home of Happy Feet. Two bandstands, no closing hour, and the Lindy Hop invented on the floor.

3 surviving broadcasts · 2 bands on the stand

Lucky Millinder · Tiny Bradshaw

  • yt5s com - St Louis Blues - Ella Fitzgerald & Chick Webb at the Savoy Ballroom (128 kbps)

    1939 · 4 min

  • Lucky Millinder

    Lady Be Good · 10 July 1945 · 28 min

  • Tiny Bradshaw

    Sweet Georgia Brown · 1945 · 15 min

No. 13 · 1946–1955

Aragon Ballroom

Lawrence Avenue, Chicago

Spanish-courtyard fantasy on the north side, and a staple of the late-night dance remotes.

2 surviving broadcasts · 1 bands on the stand

  • Arturo Toscanini and the NBC Symphony Orchestra - Jota Aragonesa Pt1&2 (Glinka)

    1946 · 7 min

  • Eddy Howard

    Love Every Moment You Live · 1955 · 30 min

No. 14 · 1945

Casa Manana

Culver City, California

Rebuilt from the old Cotton Club of Culver City; a west coast room with a nightly wire.

2 surviving broadcasts · 2 bands on the stand

? #0694 Jimmie Lunceford · Charlie Barnet

  • ? #0694 Jimmie Lunceford

    Little John · 8 September 1945 · 29 min

  • Charlie Barnet

    Poor Little Rich Girl · 10 March 1945 · 29 min

No. 15 · 1945–1947

Glen Island Casino

New Rochelle, New York

The room that made Glenn Miller in the summer of 1939, on the water, wired for the network.

2 surviving broadcasts · 2 bands on the stand

Shorty Sherock · Claude Thornhill

  • Shorty Sherock

    Four Bones · 3 July 1945 · 29 min

  • Claude Thornhill

    Where or When? · 23 June 1947 · 30 min

No. 16 · 1946

Hollywood Bowl

Highland Avenue, Los Angeles

An amphitheatre in a canyon, carrying concerts and wartime rallies to the country.

2 surviving broadcasts

  • JBGS 1946-10-12 Hollywood Bowl Community Chest Appeal

    12 October 1946 · 2h 23m

  • AFRS 078 - Hollywood Bowl Series - MGM Night - Lionel Barrymore - Mario Lanza 07-24-48

    undated · 58 min

No. 17 · 1938

Palomar Ballroom

Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles

Where Benny Goodman's 1935 tour turned into the swing era, three weeks before it burned.

1 surviving broadcast

  • Remote-GeneKrupa From Palomar

    28 November 1938 · 7 min

A note on the rooms

The dance-band remotes carried by the Armed Forces Radio Service name the band and the room in the transfer title, which is why the ballrooms are the deepest shelves here. The concert halls are thinner: nobody was recording most of what came out of them, and what did get cut to disc was often thrown away. Rooms with a single surviving broadcast are kept anyway — one is what is left.